pub struct Pippenger;
alloc
only.Expand description
Implements a version of Pippenger’s algorithm.
The algorithm works as follows:
Let n
be a number of point-scalar pairs.
Let w
be a window of bits (6..8, chosen based on n
, see cost factor).
- Prepare
2^(w-1) - 1
buckets with indices[1..2^(w-1))
initialized with identity points. Bucket 0 is not needed as it would contain points multiplied by 0. - Convert scalars to a radix-
2^w
representation with signed digits in[-2^w/2, 2^w/2]
. Note: only the last digit may equal2^w/2
. - Starting with the last window, for each point
i=[0..n)
add it to a a bucket indexed by the point’s scalar’s value in the window. - Once all points in a window are sorted into buckets, add buckets by multiplying each by their index. Efficient way of doing it is to start with the last bucket and compute two sums: intermediate sum from the last to the first, and the full sum made of all intermediate sums.
- Shift the resulting sum of buckets by
w
bits by usingw
doublings. - Add to the return value.
- Repeat the loop.
Approximate cost w/o wNAF optimizations (A = addition, D = doubling):
cost = (n*A + 2*(2^w/2)*A + w*D + A)*256/w
| | | | |
| | | | looping over 256/w windows
| | | adding to the result
sorting points | shifting the sum by w bits (to the next window, starting from last window)
one by one |
into buckets adding/subtracting all buckets
multiplied by their indexes
using a sum of intermediate sums
For large n
, dominant factor is (n*256/w) additions.
However, if w
is too big and n
is not too big, then (2^w/2)*A
could dominate.
Therefore, the optimal choice of w
grows slowly as n
grows.
This algorithm is adapted from section 4 of https://eprint.iacr.org/2012/549.pdf.
Trait Implementations§
Source§impl VartimeMultiscalarMul for Pippenger
impl VartimeMultiscalarMul for Pippenger
Source§type Point = EdwardsPoint
type Point = EdwardsPoint
RistrettoPoint
.Source§fn optional_multiscalar_mul<I, J>(scalars: I, points: J) -> Option<EdwardsPoint>
fn optional_multiscalar_mul<I, J>(scalars: I, points: J) -> Option<EdwardsPoint>
Option
s of points, compute either Some(Q)
, where
$$
Q = c_1 P_1 + \cdots + c_n P_n,
$$
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fn vartime_multiscalar_mul<I, J>(scalars: I, points: J) -> Self::Pointwhere
I: IntoIterator,
I::Item: Borrow<Scalar>,
J: IntoIterator,
J::Item: Borrow<Self::Point>,
Self::Point: Clone,
Auto Trait Implementations§
impl Freeze for Pippenger
impl RefUnwindSafe for Pippenger
impl Send for Pippenger
impl Sync for Pippenger
impl Unpin for Pippenger
impl UnwindSafe for Pippenger
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