tokio/io/util/async_write_ext.rs
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use crate::io::util::flush::{flush, Flush};
use crate::io::util::shutdown::{shutdown, Shutdown};
use crate::io::util::write::{write, Write};
use crate::io::util::write_all::{write_all, WriteAll};
use crate::io::util::write_all_buf::{write_all_buf, WriteAllBuf};
use crate::io::util::write_buf::{write_buf, WriteBuf};
use crate::io::util::write_int::{WriteF32, WriteF32Le, WriteF64, WriteF64Le};
use crate::io::util::write_int::{
WriteI128, WriteI128Le, WriteI16, WriteI16Le, WriteI32, WriteI32Le, WriteI64, WriteI64Le,
WriteI8,
};
use crate::io::util::write_int::{
WriteU128, WriteU128Le, WriteU16, WriteU16Le, WriteU32, WriteU32Le, WriteU64, WriteU64Le,
WriteU8,
};
use crate::io::util::write_vectored::{write_vectored, WriteVectored};
use crate::io::AsyncWrite;
use std::io::IoSlice;
use bytes::Buf;
cfg_io_util! {
/// Defines numeric writer.
macro_rules! write_impl {
(
$(
$(#[$outer:meta])*
fn $name:ident(&mut self, n: $ty:ty) -> $($fut:ident)*;
)*
) => {
$(
$(#[$outer])*
fn $name(&mut self, n: $ty) -> $($fut)*<&mut Self> where Self: Unpin {
$($fut)*::new(self, n)
}
)*
}
}
/// Writes bytes to a sink.
///
/// Implemented as an extension trait, adding utility methods to all
/// [`AsyncWrite`] types. Callers will tend to import this trait instead of
/// [`AsyncWrite`].
///
/// ```no_run
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
/// use tokio::fs::File;
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let data = b"some bytes";
///
/// let mut pos = 0;
/// let mut buffer = File::create("foo.txt").await?;
///
/// while pos < data.len() {
/// let bytes_written = buffer.write(&data[pos..]).await?;
/// pos += bytes_written;
/// }
///
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
///
/// See [module][crate::io] documentation for more details.
///
/// [`AsyncWrite`]: AsyncWrite
pub trait AsyncWriteExt: AsyncWrite {
/// Writes a buffer into this writer, returning how many bytes were
/// written.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize>;
/// ```
///
/// This function will attempt to write the entire contents of `buf`, but
/// the entire write may not succeed, or the write may also generate an
/// error. A call to `write` represents *at most one* attempt to write to
/// any wrapped object.
///
/// # Return
///
/// If the return value is `Ok(n)` then it must be guaranteed that `n <=
/// buf.len()`. A return value of `0` typically means that the
/// underlying object is no longer able to accept bytes and will likely
/// not be able to in the future as well, or that the buffer provided is
/// empty.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// Each call to `write` may generate an I/O error indicating that the
/// operation could not be completed. If an error is returned then no bytes
/// in the buffer were written to this writer.
///
/// It is **not** considered an error if the entire buffer could not be
/// written to this writer.
///
/// # Cancel safety
///
/// This method is cancellation safe in the sense that if it is used as
/// the event in a [`tokio::select!`](crate::select) statement and some
/// other branch completes first, then it is guaranteed that no data was
/// written to this `AsyncWrite`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
/// use tokio::fs::File;
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut file = File::create("foo.txt").await?;
///
/// // Writes some prefix of the byte string, not necessarily all of it.
/// file.write(b"some bytes").await?;
/// file.flush().await?;
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write<'a>(&'a mut self, src: &'a [u8]) -> Write<'a, Self>
where
Self: Unpin,
{
write(self, src)
}
/// Like [`write`], except that it writes from a slice of buffers.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>]) -> io::Result<usize>;
/// ```
///
/// See [`AsyncWrite::poll_write_vectored`] for more details.
///
/// # Cancel safety
///
/// This method is cancellation safe in the sense that if it is used as
/// the event in a [`tokio::select!`](crate::select) statement and some
/// other branch completes first, then it is guaranteed that no data was
/// written to this `AsyncWrite`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
/// use tokio::fs::File;
/// use std::io::IoSlice;
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut file = File::create("foo.txt").await?;
///
/// let bufs: &[_] = &[
/// IoSlice::new(b"hello"),
/// IoSlice::new(b" "),
/// IoSlice::new(b"world"),
/// ];
///
/// file.write_vectored(&bufs).await?;
/// file.flush().await?;
///
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
///
/// [`write`]: AsyncWriteExt::write
fn write_vectored<'a, 'b>(&'a mut self, bufs: &'a [IoSlice<'b>]) -> WriteVectored<'a, 'b, Self>
where
Self: Unpin,
{
write_vectored(self, bufs)
}
/// Writes a buffer into this writer, advancing the buffer's internal
/// cursor.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_buf<B: Buf>(&mut self, buf: &mut B) -> io::Result<usize>;
/// ```
///
/// This function will attempt to write the entire contents of `buf`, but
/// the entire write may not succeed, or the write may also generate an
/// error. After the operation completes, the buffer's
/// internal cursor is advanced by the number of bytes written. A
/// subsequent call to `write_buf` using the **same** `buf` value will
/// resume from the point that the first call to `write_buf` completed.
/// A call to `write_buf` represents *at most one* attempt to write to any
/// wrapped object.
///
/// # Return
///
/// If the return value is `Ok(n)` then it must be guaranteed that `n <=
/// buf.len()`. A return value of `0` typically means that the
/// underlying object is no longer able to accept bytes and will likely
/// not be able to in the future as well, or that the buffer provided is
/// empty.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// Each call to `write` may generate an I/O error indicating that the
/// operation could not be completed. If an error is returned then no bytes
/// in the buffer were written to this writer.
///
/// It is **not** considered an error if the entire buffer could not be
/// written to this writer.
///
/// # Cancel safety
///
/// This method is cancellation safe in the sense that if it is used as
/// the event in a [`tokio::select!`](crate::select) statement and some
/// other branch completes first, then it is guaranteed that no data was
/// written to this `AsyncWrite`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// [`File`] implements [`AsyncWrite`] and [`Cursor`]`<&[u8]>` implements [`Buf`]:
///
/// [`File`]: crate::fs::File
/// [`Buf`]: bytes::Buf
/// [`Cursor`]: std::io::Cursor
///
/// ```no_run
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
/// use tokio::fs::File;
///
/// use bytes::Buf;
/// use std::io::Cursor;
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut file = File::create("foo.txt").await?;
/// let mut buffer = Cursor::new(b"data to write");
///
/// // Loop until the entire contents of the buffer are written to
/// // the file.
/// while buffer.has_remaining() {
/// // Writes some prefix of the byte string, not necessarily
/// // all of it.
/// file.write_buf(&mut buffer).await?;
/// }
/// file.flush().await?;
///
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_buf<'a, B>(&'a mut self, src: &'a mut B) -> WriteBuf<'a, Self, B>
where
Self: Sized + Unpin,
B: Buf,
{
write_buf(self, src)
}
/// Attempts to write an entire buffer into this writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_all_buf(&mut self, buf: impl Buf) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
/// while buf.has_remaining() {
/// self.write_buf(&mut buf).await?;
/// }
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
///
/// This method will continuously call [`write`] until
/// [`buf.has_remaining()`](bytes::Buf::has_remaining) returns false. This method will not
/// return until the entire buffer has been successfully written or an error occurs. The
/// first error generated will be returned.
///
/// The buffer is advanced after each chunk is successfully written. After failure,
/// `src.chunk()` will return the chunk that failed to write.
///
/// # Cancel safety
///
/// If `write_all_buf` is used as the event in a
/// [`tokio::select!`](crate::select) statement and some other branch
/// completes first, then the data in the provided buffer may have been
/// partially written. However, it is guaranteed that the provided
/// buffer has been [advanced] by the amount of bytes that have been
/// partially written.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// [`File`] implements [`AsyncWrite`] and [`Cursor`]`<&[u8]>` implements [`Buf`]:
///
/// [`File`]: crate::fs::File
/// [`Buf`]: bytes::Buf
/// [`Cursor`]: std::io::Cursor
/// [advanced]: bytes::Buf::advance
///
/// ```no_run
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
/// use tokio::fs::File;
///
/// use std::io::Cursor;
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut file = File::create("foo.txt").await?;
/// let mut buffer = Cursor::new(b"data to write");
///
/// file.write_all_buf(&mut buffer).await?;
/// file.flush().await?;
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
///
/// [`write`]: AsyncWriteExt::write
fn write_all_buf<'a, B>(&'a mut self, src: &'a mut B) -> WriteAllBuf<'a, Self, B>
where
Self: Sized + Unpin,
B: Buf,
{
write_all_buf(self, src)
}
/// Attempts to write an entire buffer into this writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// This method will continuously call [`write`] until there is no more data
/// to be written. This method will not return until the entire buffer
/// has been successfully written or such an error occurs. The first
/// error generated from this method will be returned.
///
/// # Cancel safety
///
/// This method is not cancellation safe. If it is used as the event
/// in a [`tokio::select!`](crate::select) statement and some other
/// branch completes first, then the provided buffer may have been
/// partially written, but future calls to `write_all` will start over
/// from the beginning of the buffer.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This function will return the first error that [`write`] returns.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
/// use tokio::fs::File;
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut file = File::create("foo.txt").await?;
///
/// file.write_all(b"some bytes").await?;
/// file.flush().await?;
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
///
/// [`write`]: AsyncWriteExt::write
fn write_all<'a>(&'a mut self, src: &'a [u8]) -> WriteAll<'a, Self>
where
Self: Unpin,
{
write_all(self, src)
}
write_impl! {
/// Writes an unsigned 8-bit integer to the underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_u8(&mut self, n: u8) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write unsigned 8 bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_u8(2).await?;
/// writer.write_u8(5).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\x02\x05");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_u8(&mut self, n: u8) -> WriteU8;
/// Writes a signed 8-bit integer to the underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_i8(&mut self, n: i8) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write signed 8 bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_i8(-2).await?;
/// writer.write_i8(126).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\xFE\x7E");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_i8(&mut self, n: i8) -> WriteI8;
/// Writes an unsigned 16-bit integer in big-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_u16(&mut self, n: u16) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write unsigned 16-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_u16(517).await?;
/// writer.write_u16(768).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\x02\x05\x03\x00");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_u16(&mut self, n: u16) -> WriteU16;
/// Writes a signed 16-bit integer in big-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_i16(&mut self, n: i16) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write signed 16-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_i16(193).await?;
/// writer.write_i16(-132).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\x00\xc1\xff\x7c");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_i16(&mut self, n: i16) -> WriteI16;
/// Writes an unsigned 32-bit integer in big-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_u32(&mut self, n: u32) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write unsigned 32-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_u32(267).await?;
/// writer.write_u32(1205419366).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\x00\x00\x01\x0b\x47\xd9\x3d\x66");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_u32(&mut self, n: u32) -> WriteU32;
/// Writes a signed 32-bit integer in big-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_i32(&mut self, n: i32) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write signed 32-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_i32(267).await?;
/// writer.write_i32(1205419366).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\x00\x00\x01\x0b\x47\xd9\x3d\x66");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_i32(&mut self, n: i32) -> WriteI32;
/// Writes an unsigned 64-bit integer in big-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_u64(&mut self, n: u64) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write unsigned 64-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_u64(918733457491587).await?;
/// writer.write_u64(143).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\x00\x03\x43\x95\x4d\x60\x86\x83\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x8f");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_u64(&mut self, n: u64) -> WriteU64;
/// Writes an signed 64-bit integer in big-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_i64(&mut self, n: i64) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write signed 64-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_i64(i64::MIN).await?;
/// writer.write_i64(i64::MAX).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\x80\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x7f\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_i64(&mut self, n: i64) -> WriteI64;
/// Writes an unsigned 128-bit integer in big-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_u128(&mut self, n: u128) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write unsigned 128-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_u128(16947640962301618749969007319746179).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, vec![
/// 0x00, 0x03, 0x43, 0x95, 0x4d, 0x60, 0x86, 0x83,
/// 0x00, 0x03, 0x43, 0x95, 0x4d, 0x60, 0x86, 0x83
/// ]);
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_u128(&mut self, n: u128) -> WriteU128;
/// Writes an signed 128-bit integer in big-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_i128(&mut self, n: i128) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write signed 128-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_i128(i128::MIN).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, vec![
/// 0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
/// 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
/// ]);
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_i128(&mut self, n: i128) -> WriteI128;
/// Writes an 32-bit floating point type in big-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_f32(&mut self, n: f32) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write 32-bit floating point type to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_f32(f32::MIN).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, vec![0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff]);
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_f32(&mut self, n: f32) -> WriteF32;
/// Writes an 64-bit floating point type in big-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_f64(&mut self, n: f64) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write 64-bit floating point type to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_f64(f64::MIN).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, vec![
/// 0xff, 0xef, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff
/// ]);
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_f64(&mut self, n: f64) -> WriteF64;
/// Writes an unsigned 16-bit integer in little-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_u16_le(&mut self, n: u16) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write unsigned 16-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_u16_le(517).await?;
/// writer.write_u16_le(768).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\x05\x02\x00\x03");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_u16_le(&mut self, n: u16) -> WriteU16Le;
/// Writes a signed 16-bit integer in little-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_i16_le(&mut self, n: i16) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write signed 16-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_i16_le(193).await?;
/// writer.write_i16_le(-132).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\xc1\x00\x7c\xff");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_i16_le(&mut self, n: i16) -> WriteI16Le;
/// Writes an unsigned 32-bit integer in little-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_u32_le(&mut self, n: u32) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write unsigned 32-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_u32_le(267).await?;
/// writer.write_u32_le(1205419366).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\x0b\x01\x00\x00\x66\x3d\xd9\x47");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_u32_le(&mut self, n: u32) -> WriteU32Le;
/// Writes a signed 32-bit integer in little-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_i32_le(&mut self, n: i32) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write signed 32-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_i32_le(267).await?;
/// writer.write_i32_le(1205419366).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\x0b\x01\x00\x00\x66\x3d\xd9\x47");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_i32_le(&mut self, n: i32) -> WriteI32Le;
/// Writes an unsigned 64-bit integer in little-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_u64_le(&mut self, n: u64) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write unsigned 64-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_u64_le(918733457491587).await?;
/// writer.write_u64_le(143).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\x83\x86\x60\x4d\x95\x43\x03\x00\x8f\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_u64_le(&mut self, n: u64) -> WriteU64Le;
/// Writes an signed 64-bit integer in little-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_i64_le(&mut self, n: i64) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write signed 64-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_i64_le(i64::MIN).await?;
/// writer.write_i64_le(i64::MAX).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, b"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x80\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\x7f");
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_i64_le(&mut self, n: i64) -> WriteI64Le;
/// Writes an unsigned 128-bit integer in little-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_u128_le(&mut self, n: u128) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write unsigned 128-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_u128_le(16947640962301618749969007319746179).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, vec![
/// 0x83, 0x86, 0x60, 0x4d, 0x95, 0x43, 0x03, 0x00,
/// 0x83, 0x86, 0x60, 0x4d, 0x95, 0x43, 0x03, 0x00,
/// ]);
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_u128_le(&mut self, n: u128) -> WriteU128Le;
/// Writes an signed 128-bit integer in little-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_i128_le(&mut self, n: i128) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write signed 128-bit integers to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_i128_le(i128::MIN).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, vec![
/// 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
/// 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0x80
/// ]);
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_i128_le(&mut self, n: i128) -> WriteI128Le;
/// Writes an 32-bit floating point type in little-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_f32_le(&mut self, n: f32) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write 32-bit floating point type to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_f32_le(f32::MIN).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, vec![0xff, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff]);
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_f32_le(&mut self, n: f32) -> WriteF32Le;
/// Writes an 64-bit floating point type in little-endian order to the
/// underlying writer.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn write_f64_le(&mut self, n: f64) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// It is recommended to use a buffered writer to avoid excessive
/// syscalls.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This method returns the same errors as [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`].
///
/// [`AsyncWriteExt::write_all`]: AsyncWriteExt::write_all
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Write 64-bit floating point type to a `AsyncWrite`:
///
/// ```rust
/// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncWriteExt};
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let mut writer = Vec::new();
///
/// writer.write_f64_le(f64::MIN).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(writer, vec![
/// 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xef, 0xff
/// ]);
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn write_f64_le(&mut self, n: f64) -> WriteF64Le;
}
/// Flushes this output stream, ensuring that all intermediately buffered
/// contents reach their destination.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// # Errors
///
/// It is considered an error if not all bytes could be written due to
/// I/O errors or EOF being reached.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// use tokio::io::{self, BufWriter, AsyncWriteExt};
/// use tokio::fs::File;
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let f = File::create("foo.txt").await?;
/// let mut buffer = BufWriter::new(f);
///
/// buffer.write_all(b"some bytes").await?;
/// buffer.flush().await?;
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn flush(&mut self) -> Flush<'_, Self>
where
Self: Unpin,
{
flush(self)
}
/// Shuts down the output stream, ensuring that the value can be dropped
/// cleanly.
///
/// Equivalent to:
///
/// ```ignore
/// async fn shutdown(&mut self) -> io::Result<()>;
/// ```
///
/// Similar to [`flush`], all intermediately buffered is written to the
/// underlying stream. Once the operation completes, the caller should
/// no longer attempt to write to the stream. For example, the
/// `TcpStream` implementation will issue a `shutdown(Write)` sys call.
///
/// [`flush`]: fn@crate::io::AsyncWriteExt::flush
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// use tokio::io::{self, BufWriter, AsyncWriteExt};
/// use tokio::fs::File;
///
/// #[tokio::main]
/// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
/// let f = File::create("foo.txt").await?;
/// let mut buffer = BufWriter::new(f);
///
/// buffer.write_all(b"some bytes").await?;
/// buffer.shutdown().await?;
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
fn shutdown(&mut self) -> Shutdown<'_, Self>
where
Self: Unpin,
{
shutdown(self)
}
}
}
impl<W: AsyncWrite + ?Sized> AsyncWriteExt for W {}